peer review organization

noun

peer re·​view organization ˈpir-ri-ˈvyü- 

: any of a group of organizations staffed by local practicing physicians that were established by the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 to evaluate the quality, necessity, cost, and adherence to professional standards of medical care provided to Medicare patients as a prerequisite for payment of the medical services by Medicare

—abbreviation PRO